Square numbers

A square number is a number multiplied by itself. The symbol is ² (we call it exponent). The number squared is called the base:

We can read this as two/three/four to the second power.

A cube number is a number multiplied by itself 3 times:

Square roots

The root of a number y is another number, which when multiplied by itself a given number of times, equals y. The second root (also called the square root) of 16 is 4:

For every even-degree root (2nd, 4th, 6th ....) there are two roots. This is because multiplying two positive or two negative numbers both produce a positive result. E.g:

Thus, $√^2{16}=±4$

The value inside the symbol √(called radical) is called radicand. For $√^3{64};;;$ 64 is radicand and 3 is the index.

Exponents

The exponent of a number x says how many times to multiply the number x by itself. Number x is called the base.

There are some special exponents we need to remember:

Simplifying square roots

To simplify roots you can use Product Property of Square Roots:

At first, find the perfect square inside the square root:

This can be written as $2√6$.

Simplifying square roots

To simplify roots you can use Product Property of Square Roots:

At first, find the perfect square inside the square root:

This can be written as $2√6$.

You can also use these formulae: